Luglio 2022

PubAIV Visite: 340
PubAIV 2022
(aggiornamento di Luglio 2022)
TEMATICHE GENERALI:

1) Magmi e sistemi di alimentazione (0 articoli) 
2) Dinamiche eruttive e di messa in posto (4 articoli)
3) Geologia e struttura dei vulcani (0 articoli)
4) Monitoraggio, pericolosità e rischio vulcanico (0 articoli)

Tematica 1: Magmi e sistemi di alimentazione
Tematica 2: Dinamiche eruttive e di messa in posto
Calabrò L., Esposti Ongaro T., Giordano G., de' Michieli Vitturi M. (2022)
Reconstructing Pyroclastic Currents' Source and Flow Parameters From Deposit Characteristics and Numerical Modeling: The Pozzolane Rosse Ignimbrite Case Study (Colli Albani, Italy).
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 127
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB023637
Data di pubblicazione: 02/05/2022
PubAIV-ID-00077 - Articolo in Rivista (open access)
Abstract
In this study, we apply a two-dimensional, transient depth-averaged model to simulate the inertial flow dynamics of caldera-forming pyroclastic currents, using the available data about the Pozzolane Rosse ignimbrite (Colli Albani, Italy) eruption (460 ka, 63 km3 DRE). By performing an extensive set of numerical simulations, we test the effects of the initial parameters of the pyroclastic current (Richardson number, mass flow rate, initial flow density) on simulated deposit characteristics which can be compared with selected ignimbrite field observables, including the deposit dispersal along topography, the maximum distance from source, the deposit thickness, the grain size distribution at different distances, and the emplacement temperature. Results permit us to quantify the first-order dependency of the flow runout on the mass flow rate, and of the deposit thickness decay pattern on the initial mixture density. By using the results of the parametric study we reconstruct the source parameters of the Pozzolane Rosse ignimbrite constrained by the ignimbrite depositional characteristics, including the mass partition into the co-ignimbrite cloud. Despite uncertainties associated with the complex, non-linear interplay between the flow variables, the single-layer, depth-averaged model demonstrates to be suitable for simulating inertial pyroclastic currents, such as those generating large-scale caldera-forming ignimbrites, providing a tool for reconstructing the eruption source parameters from deposits characteristics, and to assess pyroclastic currents' hazard for future eruptions.
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Doronzo D., Di Vito M.A., Arienzo I., Bini M., Calusi B., Cerminara M., Corradini S., de Vita S., Giaccio B., Gurioli G., Mannella G., Ricciardi G.P., Rucco I., Sparice D., Todesco M., Trasatti E., Zanchetta G. (2022)
The 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius: A lesson from the past and the need of a multidisciplinary approach for developments in volcanology.
Earth Science Reviews, 231
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104072
Data di pubblicazione: 01/08/2022
PubAIV-ID-00076 - Articolo in Rivista (open access)
Abstract
A full review of the 79 CE Plinian eruption of Vesuvius is presented through a multidisciplinary approach, exploiting the integration of historical, stratigraphic, sedimentological, petrological, geophysical, paleoclimatic, and modelling studies dedicated to this famous and devastating natural event. All studies have critically been reviewed and integrated with original data, spanning from proximal to ultradistal findings of the 79 CE eruption products throughout the Mediterranean. The work not only combines different investigation approaches (stratigraphic, petrological, geophysical, modelling), but also follows temporally the 79 CE eruptive and depositional events, from the magma chamber to the most distal tephras. This has allowed us first to compile a full database of all findings of those deposits, then to relate the products (the deposits) to the genetic thermomechanical processes (the eruption), and lastly to better assess both the local and regional impacts of the 79 CE eruption in the environment. This information leads to a number of open issues (e.g., regional environmental impact vs. local pyroclastic current impact) that are worthy of further investigations, although the 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius is one of the best studied eruptions in volcanology. The structure of the work follows three macro-categories, the historical aspects, the products, and the processes of the 79 CE eruption. For each investigation approach (from stratigraphy to modelling), all dedicated studies and original data are discussed. The open issues are then synthesized in the discussion under a global view of Plinian eruptions, from the magma setting to its dispersion as pyroclasts flowing on the surface vs. falling from the volcanic plume. In this way, a lesson from the past, in particular from the well-studied 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius, will be of help for a better synchronization of processes and products in future developments. Lastly, various aspects for volcanic hazard assessment of Plinian eruptions are highlighted from the tephra distribution and modelling points of view, as these large natural phenomena can have a larger impact than previously thought, also at other active volcanoes.
Massaro S., Costa A., Sulpizio R., Coppola D.,Soloviev A. (2022)
Detecting multiscale periodicity from the secular effusive activity at Santiaguito lava dome complex (Guatemala).
Earth Planets and Space
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-022-01658-7
Data di pubblicazione: 10/07/2022
PubAIV-ID-00079 - Articolo in Rivista (open access)
Abstract
Santiaguito, Guatemala, represents one of the best cases of active lava dome complex in the world, producing lava flow effusion, weak explosive activity, and cycles of lava dome extrusion over varying timescales. Since the incep- tion in 1922, it has shown a remarkable constant eruptive activity, characterized by effusion of blocky domes and lava flows punctuated by moderate explosions of gas-and-ash and pyroclastic flows. In this study, we reconstruct the time evolution of discharge rates of Santiaguito across one entire century, from 1922 to 2021, combining, for the more recent activity, new satellite thermal data. By using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and Morlet wavelet analy- ses, we identify three fundamental periodicities in subsets of the 1922–2021 time-series: (i) long term (ca. 10 years), (ii) intermediate term (ca. 3.5 years), and (iii) short term (from ca. 1 year to ca. 3 months), which are comparable with those observed at other lava dome eruptions at calc-alkaline volcanoes. Such inferred periodicities provide a power- ful tool for the interpretation of the non-linear eruptive behaviour and represent a pivotal benchmark for numerical modelling aimed to reconstruct the dynamics of the magma feeding system based on a time-averaged discharge rate dataset.
Re G., Pompilio M., Del Carlo P., Di Roberto A. (2022)
Physical and morphological characterization of the 19 May 2021 ash cloud deposit at Stromboli (Italy).
Scientific Report 12, 10777
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14908-1
Data di pubblicazione: 24/06/2022
PubAIV-ID-00078 - Articolo in Rivista (open access)
Abstract
We report on the ash cloud related to the gravitational collapse of a portion of the Stromboli volcano crater rim that occurred on 19 May 2021. The collapse produced a pyroclastic density current (PDC) that spread along the northwest flank of the volcano and propagated in the sea for about 1 km. The PDC was associated with a convective ash cloud that rapidly dispersed eastward and deposited a thin layer (connected to other PDCs and landslides previously occurring at Stromboli and with the distal ash of a paroxysmal explosive eruption of Mt. Etna volcano. Results indicate that the distributions of the mass on the ground and of the grain size are not correlated with the distance from the source. Also, the componentry reflects a preponderance of remobilized material ingested by the PDC. Therefore, the great amount of fine ash can be ascribed to clasts comminution processes, although the prevalence of dense crystalline components records an overall equiaxial shape, revealing a paucity of elongated clast with complex morphology. Furthermore, the outcomes of this work aim to create a collection of data of a co-PDC ash cloud that may prove useful for comparison with other deposits worldwide.
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Tematica 3: Geologia e struttura dei vulcani
Tematica 4: Monitoraggio, pericolosità e rischio vulcanico
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