Febbraio 2023

PubAIV Visite: 176
PubAIV 2023
(aggiornamento di Febbraio 2023)
TEMATICHE GENERALI:

1) Magmi e sistemi di alimentazione (1 articolo) 
2) Dinamiche eruttive e di messa in posto (1 articolo)
3) Geologia e struttura dei vulcani (0 articoli)
4) Monitoraggio, pericolosità e rischio vulcanico (0 articoli)
5) Vulcani e società (1 articolo)

Tematica 1: Magmi e sistemi di alimentazione
Perinelli C., Fabbrizio A., Bonechi B., Gaeta M., Conte A.M. (2023)
Experimental cannibalization of plagioclase by alkaline basalt magmas.
Periodico di Mineralogia, 92, 75-95 (2023)
https://doi.org/10.13133/2239-1002/17931
Data di pubblicazione: 13/02/2023
PubAIV-ID-00099 - Articolo in Rivista (open access)
Abstract
Time-series crystallization/dissolution experiments were conducted on a natural potassic basalt seeded with bytownitic plagioclases (Plg) at atmospheric pressure, in air, at 1180-1240 °C and isothermal dwell time up to 20 hours. Plg-seed presence promotes the early formation of new-Plg, dampening the clinopyroxene (Cpx) crystallization. New-Plgs grow at a rate from 10 -6 up to 10 -8 cm·s-1 as the dwell time increases. Seeds overgrow at similar rate. Cpx crystallizes with a delay of at least 3 hours; this has a significant impact on the composition of both residual melt and new-Plgs. For undercooling>35 °C the Cpx delay causes a strong supersaturation of this phase in the melt resulting in a decrease in the new-Plg nucleation rate by 2 orders of magnitude in the 3 h-experiment. In the 15h-run, Cpx coarsening and the decrease of crystallinity suggest the achievement of a near-equilibrium conditions. Cpx growth rate is in the order of 10-7 cm·s-1 showing very limited variation. Finally, for the investigated superheating (5-15 °C) only the long lasting experiments allows an estimation of Plg dissolution rate (10-9 cm·s-1) although changes in the melt composition are already detectable in the 3h-runs.As a whole our results suggest that in natural systems, the takeover of antecrysts/xenocrysts by a magma can induce on a short time scales, changes in its initial nucleation behavior with remarkable petrological implications for the solidification paths and eruptive dynamics of potassic magmatic systems.
Tematica 2: Dinamiche eruttive e di messa in posto
Di Fiore F., Vona A., Scarani A., Giordano G., Romano C., Giordano D., Caricchi L., Martin Lorenzo A., Rodriguez F., Coldwell B., Hernandez P., Pankhurst M. (2023)
Experimental Constraints on the Rheology of Lavas From 2021 Cumbre Vieja Eruption (La Palma, Spain).
Geophysical Research Letter, Volume 50, Issue 4, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100970
Data di pubblicazione: 14/02/2023
PubAIV-ID-00100 - Articolo in Rivista (open access)
Abstract
The 2021 Tajogaite eruption of Cumbre Vieja (La Palma, Spain) was typified by the emission of low viscosity lavas that flowed at high velocities and inundated a large area. We experimentally investigated the rheological evolution of melt feeding the eruption through concentric cylinder viscometry to understand the exceptional flowing ability of these lavas and constrain its emplacement dynamics. We conducted a set of cooling deformation experiments at different cooling rates (from 0.1 to 10 °C/min), and isothermal deformation experiments at subliquidus dwell temperatures between 1225 and 1175°C. All experiments were conducted at a shear rate of 10 s−1. Results show that disequilibrium crystallization and its timescale fundamentally control the rheological evolution of the melt, resulting in different rheological response to deformation of the crystal-bearing magmatic suspension. Integrating rheological data with field observations allows us to shed light on the mechanisms that govern the high flowability of these lavas.
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Tematica 3: Geologia e struttura dei vulcani
Tematica 4: Monitoraggio, pericolosità e rischio vulcanico
Tematica 5: Vulcani e società
Manni M. (2022)
Origini del culto e le locali leggende di San Calogero: una doppia chiave per l’interpretazione del vulcanismo medievale di Lipari.
Giornate di Geologia & Storia. Memorie Descrittive della Carta Geologica d’Italia, Dipartimento per il Servizio Geologico d’Italia, ISPRA, 109: pp. 336 - pp. 157-166, Nisio S. (Eds) (2022).
https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/public_files/Volume109.pdf
Data di pubblicazione: 12/12/2022
PubAIV-ID-00098 - Capitolo di un Libro (open access)
Abstract
The island of Lipari boasts a very complex volcanological
history that lasted until the Late Middle Ages,
interacting with that of the anthropic communities and
permeating their culture. The risk perceived by the inhabitants
during the resurgence of Lipari-Vulcano led to calling
on thaumaturgists or miracle workers to protect the territory.
Among these, of note was the hermit Calogero, sent
to Lipari around 525 AD to tame the on-going volcanic
phenomena, as can be seen from the writings. Some volcanological
studies have incorporated the contents of the
story without distinguishing between the original historical
aspect and the traditional oral one, reformulated locally
according to the last volcanic events taking place on the
island in the 13th century. Following the interpretation proposed
in this work, contemporary legends are linked to this
last eruptive cycle, while the hypothesis that an eruptive
center was already active in the 6th century, as suggested by
contemporary sources, is still pertinent.
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